The Lengthening

The Natural Lengthening

Med Letters  ( ا  – و –ي )

 

Rule  Letters timing examples
Natural Medd

المد الطبيعي

   1.       alif saakinah, preceded by a fathah:

2. The  saakinah preceded by a kasrah

3.     The    saakinah preceded by a dhammah:

 

 two vowel counts  

 
LESSER CONNECTING MEDD

مد الصلة الصغرى

  (pronoun or possessive pronoun  ) two vowel counts
The Substitute Lengthening

مد العوض

 substituting a lengthened alif for the tanween with a fath, when stopping on it. two vowel counts

THE EXCHANGE LENGTHENING

 

 letter hamzah followed by any of the three medd letters

 

 two vowel counts  

 

THE SOFT LENGTHENING

مد اللين

 “leen” letter
(  or   with a sukoon, preceded by a letter with a fathah		 two vowel counts

Med with four or five Vowel Counts

 

Rule  Letters timing examples

THE SEPARATE ALLOWED LENGTHENING المد الجائز المنفصل

 

 medd letter is the last letter of a word, and a hamzah qata’ is the first letter of the next word four vowel counts  

 
THE REQUIRED ATTACHED MEDD

المد الواجب المتصل

 when a hamzah follows a medd letter in the same word four vowel counts

 

  

THE GREATER CONNECTING LENGTHENING مد الصلة الكبري

 

  (pronoun or possessive pronoun

)

at the end of a word and it has a vowel of a dhammah or a kasrah, is between two voweled

followed by hamza

 four vowel counts

 

 

THE LENGTHENING WITH A PRESENTED SUKOON

When there is only one letter after one of the three medd letters, it is the last letter of the word, this last letter has any vowel on it, and we are stopping on the last letter with a presented sukoon  — it lengthened two, or four, or six vowel  counts

المد الحرفي

 

Summary of different medd in the letters that begin some surahs
No medd Two count natural medd Merged
( )
Not merged
( )

Six vowel counts

 Follower of the leen medd
Four or six vowel counts

THE COMPULSORY HEAVY LENGTHENING IN A WORD

المد الازم الكلمي المثقل

It is when an original sukoon (the letter has a shaddah on it ) comes after a medd letter in a word

that this lengthening must be 6 vowel counts

 

THE COMPULSORY LIGHT LENGTHENING IN A WORD

المد الازم الكلمي المخفف

It occurs when an original sukoon that is not merged (no shaddah on it), follows a medd letter in a word

that this lengthening must be 6 vowel counts

and it is in one word ,  in two places  only

ءالئن

 

THE STRONGER OF THE TWO CAUSES FOR A LENGTHENING

قاعدة أقوى السبيبن

The stronger medd in this order

  • مد لازم كلمي مثقل COMPULSORY  LENGTHENING IN A WORD
  • مد واجب متصل THE REQUIRED ATTACHED MEDD
  • مد عارض للسكون LENGTHENING WITH A PRESENTED SUKOON
  • مد جائز منفصل THE SEPARATE ALLOWED LENGTHENING
  • مد بدل EXCHANGE LENGTHENING